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Artificial Intelligence and Generative AI

Find resources on artificial intelligence, ChatGPT, AI academic productivity tools, plagiarism, prompt engineering, GPT misinformation and hallucinations, AI image tools, AI literacy, and discussions related to ethics.

How to Cite AI-Generated Content

*Before using an AI tool, confirm with your professor that its use is allowed for each assignment. Also, err on the side of caution by citing the AI tool used as most generative AI models' responses are based on others' work. 

 

Resources

Resources

Guidelines: https://apastyle.apa.org/blog/how-to-cite-chatgpt

APA Examples

Format:  OpenAI. (Year). ChatGPT (Month Day version) [Large language model]. https://chat.openai.com

Reference entry: OpenAI. (2023). ChatGPT (Feb 13 version) [Large language model]. https://chat.openai.com

Parenthetical in-text citation: (OpenAI, 2023)

Narrative in-text citation: OpenAI (2023)

Example 1 from APA Guideline

When prompted with “Is the left brain right brain divide real or a metaphor?” the ChatGPT-generated text indicated that although the two brain hemispheres are somewhat specialized, “the notation that people can be characterized as ‘left-brained’ or ‘right-brained’ is considered to be an oversimplification and a popular myth” (OpenAI, 2023).

Reference

OpenAI. (2023). ChatGPT (Mar 14 version) [Large language model]. https://chat.openai.com/chat

 

Example 2 from APA Guideline

When given a follow-up prompt of “What is a more accurate representation?” the ChatGPT-generated text indicated that “different brain regions work together to support various cognitive processes” and “the functional specialization of different regions can change in response to experience and environmental factors” (OpenAI, 2023; see Appendix A for the full transcript).

Reference

OpenAI. (2023). ChatGPT (Mar 14 version) [Large language model]. https://chat.openai.com/chat

Notes

In the examples above, note the following:

  • The author of the model is OpenAI
  • The date is the year of the version you used (you do not need the exact date)
  • While ChatGPT has different versions (i.e., ChatGPT-3, ChatGPT-4), Chat GPT is the general name of the model
    • The version is included after the title, in parentheses (see above example)
  • Bracketed text identifies information sources outside the typical peer-review system
  • When the publisher name and the author name are the same, do not repeat the publisher name in the source element of the reference, go directly to the URL.
  • APA encourages including prompts and outputs in an appendix​

 

Resources

Example

Chicago style recommends citing ChatGPT in a Chicago footnote.

1. Text generated by ChatGPT, March 31, 2023, OpenAI, https://chat.openai.com.

Resources

Guideline: https://style.mla.org/citing-generative-ai/ 

Examples

MLA format: “Text of prompt” prompt. ChatGPT, Day Month version, OpenAI, Day Month Year, chat.openai.com.

MLA Works Cited entry: “Explain antibiotics” prompt. ChatGPT, 13 Feb. version, OpenAI, 16 Feb. 2023, chat.openai.com.

MLA in-text citation: ("Explain antibiotics")

Notes

In the examples above, note the following:

  • MLA does not recommend treating the AI tool as an author
  • For the title, describe what was generated by the AI tool in parentheses followed by the word:  prompt
  • Name the container where the information is from (ex. ChatGPT) and the specific version date
  • Name the company that made the tool
  • Give the date the content was generated
  • Give the general URL to the tool

Additional suggestions: 

  • Include prompts and outputs in an appendix​
  • Include a reflection on how you (the writer) used the AI prompts